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U:RDoc::NormalClass[iI"Thread:ET@I"Object;To:RDoc::Markup::Document:@parts[o;;[Yo:RDoc::Markup::Paragraph;[I"LThreads are the Ruby implementation for a concurrent programming model.;To:RDoc::Markup::BlankLine�o;	;[I"GPrograms that require multiple threads of execution are a perfect ;TI"'candidate for Ruby's Thread class.;T@o;	;[I"MFor example, we can create a new thread separate from the main thread's ;TI"execution using ::new.;T@o:RDoc::Markup::Verbatim;[I"5thr = Thread.new { puts "What's the big deal" }
;T:@format0o;	;[I"JThen we are able to pause the execution of the main thread and allow ;TI"+our new thread to finish, using #join:;T@o;;[I"(thr.join #=> "What's the big deal"
;T;0o;	;[I"MIf we don't call +thr.join+ before the main thread terminates, then all ;TI"2other threads including +thr+ will be killed.;T@o;	;[I"JAlternatively, you can use an array for handling multiple threads at ;TI")once, like in the following example:;T@o;;[I"threads = []
;TI":threads << Thread.new { puts "What's the big deal" }
;TI"Cthreads << Thread.new { 3.times { puts "Threads are fun!" } }
;T;0o;	;[I"AAfter creating a few threads we wait for them all to finish ;TI"consecutively.;T@o;;[I"%threads.each { |thr| thr.join }
;T;0o;	;[I"7To retrieve the last value of a thread, use #value;T@o;;[I"2thr = Thread.new { sleep 1; "Useful value" }
;TI""thr.value #=> "Useful value"
;T;0S:RDoc::Markup::Heading:
leveli:	textI"Thread initialization;T@o;	;[I"GIn order to create new threads, Ruby provides ::new, ::start, and ;TI"L::fork. A block must be provided with each of these methods, otherwise ;TI""a ThreadError will be raised.;T@o;	;[I"HWhen subclassing the Thread class, the +initialize+ method of your ;TI"Ksubclass will be ignored by ::start and ::fork. Otherwise, be sure to ;TI",call super in your +initialize+ method.;T@S;
;i;I"Thread termination;T@o;	;[I"IFor terminating threads, Ruby provides a variety of ways to do this.;T@o;	;[I">The class method ::kill, is meant to exit a given thread:;T@o;;[I" thr = Thread.new { sleep }
;TI",Thread.kill(thr) # sends exit() to thr
;T;0o;	;[I"IAlternatively, you can use the instance method #exit, or any of its ;TI"!aliases #kill or #terminate.;T@o;;[I"thr.exit
;T;0S;
;i;I"Thread status;T@o;	;[I"LRuby provides a few instance methods for querying the state of a given ;TI"Hthread. To get a string with the current thread's state use #status;T@o;;[	I" thr = Thread.new { sleep }
;TI"thr.status # => "sleep"
;TI"thr.exit
;TI"thr.status # => false
;T;0o;	;[I"LYou can also use #alive? to tell if the thread is running or sleeping, ;TI"2and #stop? if the thread is dead or sleeping.;T@S;
;i;I"Thread variables and scope;T@o;	;[I"JSince threads are created with blocks, the same rules apply to other ;TI"MRuby blocks for variable scope. Any local variables created within this ;TI".block are accessible to only this thread.;T@S;
;i	;I"!Fiber-local vs. Thread-local;T@o;	;[I"IEach fiber has its own bucket for Thread#[] storage. When you set a ;TI"Lnew fiber-local it is only accessible within this Fiber. To illustrate:;T@o;;[I"Thread.new {
;TI"$  Thread.current[:foo] = "bar"
;TI"  Fiber.new {
;TI")    p Thread.current[:foo] # => nil
;TI"  }.resume
;TI"}.join
;T;0o;	;[I"JThis example uses #[] for getting and #[]= for setting fiber-locals, ;TI"Ayou can also use #keys to list the fiber-locals for a given ;TI"7thread and #key? to check if a fiber-local exists.;T@o;	;[I"KWhen it comes to thread-locals, they are accessible within the entire ;TI"6scope of the thread. Given the following example:;T@o;;[I"Thread.new{
;TI"3  Thread.current.thread_variable_set(:foo, 1)
;TI"9  p Thread.current.thread_variable_get(:foo) # => 1
;TI"  Fiber.new{
;TI"5    Thread.current.thread_variable_set(:foo, 2)
;TI";    p Thread.current.thread_variable_get(:foo) # => 2
;TI"  }.resume
;TI";  p Thread.current.thread_variable_get(:foo)   # => 2
;TI"}.join
;T;0o;	;[I"JYou can see that the thread-local +:foo+ carried over into the fiber ;TI"5and was changed to +2+ by the end of the thread.;T@o;	;[I"BThis example makes use of #thread_variable_set to create new ;TI"?thread-locals, and #thread_variable_get to reference them.;T@o;	;[I"DThere is also #thread_variables to list all thread-locals, and ;TI"?#thread_variable? to check if a given thread-local exists.;T@S;
;i;I"Exception handling;T@o;	;[	I"DWhen an unhandled exception is raised inside a thread, it will ;TI"Gterminate. By default, this exception will not propagate to other ;TI"Kthreads. The exception is stored and when another thread calls #value ;TI">or #join, the exception will be re-raised in that thread.;T@o;;[I"4t = Thread.new{ raise 'something went wrong' }
;TI"4t.value #=> RuntimeError: something went wrong
;T;0o;	;[I"BAn exception can be raised from outside the thread using the ;TI"FThread#raise instance method, which takes the same parameters as ;TI"Kernel#raise.;T@o;	;[I"KSetting Thread.abort_on_exception = true, Thread#abort_on_exception = ;TI"Htrue, or $DEBUG = true will cause a subsequent unhandled exception ;TI"Iraised in a thread to be automatically re-raised in the main thread.;T@o;	;[I"KWith the addition of the class method ::handle_interrupt, you can now ;TI"3handle exceptions asynchronously with threads.;T@S;
;i;I"Scheduling;T@o;	;[I"LRuby provides a few ways to support scheduling threads in your program.;T@o;	;[I"KThe first way is by using the class method ::stop, to put the current ;TI"Jrunning thread to sleep and schedule the execution of another thread.;T@o;	;[I"IOnce a thread is asleep, you can use the instance method #wakeup to ;TI"1mark your thread as eligible for scheduling.;T@o;	;[I"JYou can also try ::pass, which attempts to pass execution to another ;TI"Lthread but is dependent on the OS whether a running thread will switch ;TI"Lor not. The same goes for #priority, which lets you hint to the thread ;TI"Fscheduler which threads you want to take precedence when passing ;TI"Kexecution. This method is also dependent on the OS and may be ignored ;TI"on some platforms.;T:
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